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The government process of relaxing and removing fare, rate, and route controls is known as?

  1. Regulation

  2. Deregulation

  3. U.S. Roads Act

  4. Transportation facility improvements

The correct answer is: Deregulation

Deregulation refers to the process by which governmental restrictions on fares, rates, and routes are relaxed or removed. This process allows for greater flexibility and competition within the transportation industry. When deregulation occurs, businesses in the transportation sector can respond more freely to market conditions, leading to potentially more innovative services, better pricing for consumers, and increased efficiency in operations. In contrast, regulation typically involves the implementation of strict controls and standards set by the government to manage and oversee the operations of transportation services. The U.S. Roads Act and transportation facility improvements are not directly related to the process of altering fare, rate, and route controls; rather, they involve infrastructure and policy frameworks that might exist within a regulated environment. Thus, the concept of deregulation specifically highlights the removal of those controls, making it the correct choice in this context.